Dynamical phase transitions in one-dimensional hard-particle systems

We analyse a one-dimensional model of hard particles, within ensembles of trajectories that are conditioned (or biased) to atypical values of the time-averaged dynamical activity. We analyse two phenomena that are associated with these large deviations of the activity: phase separation (at low activity) and the formation of hyperuniform states (at high activity). We consider a version of the model which operates at constant volume, and a version at constant pressure. In these non-equilibrium systems, differences arise between the two ensembles, because of the extra freedom available to the constant-pressure system, which can change its total density. We discuss the relationships between different ensembles, mechanical equilibrium, and the probability cost of rare density fluctuations.Comment: 11 pages, 11 figure

On the Harnack inequality for antisymmetric ss-harmonic functions

We prove the Harnack inequality for antisymmetric $s$-harmonic functions in a general domain. This may be used in conjunction with the method of moving planes to obtain quantitative stability results for symmetry and overdetermined problems driven by the fractional Laplacian. The proof is split into two parts: an interior Harnack inequality away from the plane of symmetry, and a boundary Harnack inequality close to the plane of symmetry. We prove the interior Harnack inequality by establishing the weak Harnack inequality for viscosity super-solutions and local boundedness for viscosity sub-solutions. To prove the boundary Harnack inequality, we introduce a new mean-value formula for antisymmetric $s$-harmonic functions

Economic Shocks, Trade and International Relations

In an interdependent world, trade has unavoidable game aspects. A model with two agents is used to determine the impact of trade and a military alliance between two major world players, North America and China, and an external non-actor, South Korea. The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of cooperative actions and outcomes by the two agents on a two-track policy for South Korea. We also study a variant to the game by considering a change in international relations. Welfare implications are also observed

Performance of beef steers and heifers of varying initial weights fed alike during wintering period

The topography of Tennessee varies from flat delta, to rolling hills, and to mountain areas. Much of the land is suitable for the production of various roughages for livestock production, Tennessee livestock producers utilize this land and roughages for the production of over a half million beef calves annually. Ruminant animals are efficient converters of roughages to usable energy. This is done by a unique stomach which has four distinct compartments—rumen, reticulum, omasum, and the abomasum. Bacteria, protozoa, and yeast present in the rumino-reticulum area are able to attack and breakdown to usable organic acids and/or sugars, the cellulose and pentosans which form a large per cent of the cell walls of the stems and leaves of plants. By this process the ruminant animal takes products unsuitable for human consumption and converts them into edible products for humans. Extensive research has been conducted to determine the feeding value for cattle of different plant materials available in various areas. Many different methods of storing, curing, cutting, and feeding have been studied and compared. Studies have been conducted to determine the differences between cattle of different breeds, sex, and weight in beef production programs. Very little attention has been given to the weight of the animal at the start of the wintering period in evaluating roughages for wintering beef animals. Initial weight may be an important factor to consider in the wintering phase, as many of the physiological functions of the beef animal are influenced by weight or size. With the rapid increase in feeder calf sales in Tennessee, it is important to know what affect weight may have on wintering performance in a beef production program. Buyers purchasing calves from feeder calf sales usually do not know previous environmental conditions or genetic potential of the animals. They buy on the basis of weight, sex, breed, and grade. When working with biological material, there is inherent variability among individuals treated alike. This complicates plant and animal research. The objective of this test was to determine the effects of weight, sex, and season of birth on the wintering performance of beef calves fed a predominately roughage ration (corn silage) with limited concentrates and to evaluate the variability of animals treated alike

Redesigning the human-robot interface : intuitive teleoperation of anthropomorphic robots

textA novel interface for robotic teleoperation was developed to enable accurate and highly efficient teleoperation of the Industrial Reconfigurable Anthropomorphic Dual-arm (IRAD) system and other robotic systems. In order to achieve a revolutionary increase in operator productivity, the bilateral/master-slave approach must give way to shared autonomy and unilateral control; autonomy must be employed where possible, and appropriate sensory feedback only where autonomy is impossible; and today’s low-information/high feedback model must be replaced by one that emphasizes feedforward precision and minimal corrective feedback. This is emphasized for task spaces outside of the traditional anthropomorphic scale such as mobile manipulation (i.e. large task spaces) and high precision tasks (i.e. very small task spaces). The system is demonstrated using an anthropomorphically dimensioned industrial manipulator working in task spaces from one meter to less than one millimeter, in both simulation and hardware. This thesis discusses the design requirements and philosophy of this interface, provides a summary of prototype teleoperation hardware, simulation environment, test-bed hardware, and experimental results.Mechanical Engineerin